Recent studies have revealed roles for insulin beyond homeostatic regulation. For example, insulin influences glutamatergic and dopaminergic transmission in the central nervous system, suggesting roles for insulin in the regulation of motivation, and the potential to target brain insulin receptors to improve cognition and motivational control. Speakers will provide a well-rounded view of current data describing the mechanisms by which insulin influences neurotransmisson and behavior, and how diet modulates brain function. Presentations will draw on multiple levels of analysis (behavior, voltammetry, electrophysiology), integrate research from several broad fields, and discuss implications for treatment of cognitive impairment, obesity and addiction.